The Emergence of Property Rights Enforcement in Early Trade: A Behavioral Model Without Reputational Effects
نویسندگان
چکیده
The present article focuses on the conditions that allow governments to increase property rights protection because they expect enough income from such action. We develop a behavioral explanation, according to which the answer lies in the growth in the importance, size, and wealth of merchant guilds in the medieval era in Western Europe as well as a somewhat surprising effect of volatile price structures. We add to prior research by showing that even uncoordinated embargo pressures among multiple guilds could get medieval rulers to offer high levels of property rights protection.
منابع مشابه
Necessity of Criminal Protection of Intellectual Property Rights with a View to its Moral Basis
Background: For several centuries, there has been a debate about the dimensions of intellectual property to support the thinkers of society and prevent their exploitation. Unfortunately, this invisible and powerful asset is increasingly vulnerable. Therefore, establishing favorable regulations, guaranteeing proper criminal enforcement and effective enforcement of laws in order to protect these ...
متن کاملجهانشمولی نظام حقوق مالکیت فکری و چالش توسعه و سلامت عمومی
Intellectual property plays an increasingly vital role in global trade and economic development. Globalization of intellectual property rights means that intangible informational resources are now produced, exchanged and consumed anywhere and everywhere defying jurisdictional borders. Intellectual property has moved into the mainstream of national economic and developmental planning; in the rec...
متن کاملProduction, Appropriation and the Dynamic Emergence of Property Rights∗
This paper analyzes the dynamic emergence of property rights in a decentralized economy devoid of an exogenous enforcement mechanism. Imperfection in property rights enforcement gives rise to appropriative activities, which take away resources from productive activities, and thus, hampers the performance of the economy. Therefore, agents in the economy strategically invest in definition and enf...
متن کاملInfringement of Intellectual Property Rights: Developing Countries,agricultural Biotechnology, and the Trips Agreement
P arallel revolutions in molecular biology and intellectual property rights over plant genetic resources helped spur the emergence of agricultural biotechnologies and the introduction of genetically modified (GM) products into the food system. Intellectual property rights create economic incentives for research and development by giving innovators claim to the benefits associated with new techn...
متن کاملImplications of Intellectual Property Rights for Dynamic Gains from Trade
A simple intellectual property rights (IPRs) framework is introduced into a dynamic quality ladder model of technological diffusion between innovating firms in one country and imitating firms in another country. The presence of technological spillovers and feedback effects between firms in the two countries demonstrates that, even when steady state growth increases, transition costs sometimes d...
متن کامل